Time series: Unique series of data identified by a set of
labels, containing values for specific points in time.
Point: A value and timestamp pair. This item can also include
labels to denote which series of data this point belongs to.
Namespace: A collection of data points. Namespaces are either
unaggregated (includes all points as they arrived) or aggregated
(with only one data point stored for each duration configured for
the namespace).
Replication factor: M3 stores data redundantly (if replication
factor > 1), and uses by default quorum writes and best-effort
quorum reads. In Aiven for M3, replication factor is hardcoded at 3,
which means that single availability zone's worth of nodes can be
lost and database still stays functional.
Shard: M3 databases have their storage partitioned over multiple
shards (Aiven for M3 services usually have 60 shards, although this
can be changed by request). The M3 namespaces are spread across the
shards and replicated based on their replication factor. Beware that
changing the number of shards will cause all data to be lost,
however the default value of 60 works well for most use cases.